{"id":20013,"date":"2025-03-07T08:27:36","date_gmt":"2025-03-07T08:27:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/?page_id=20013"},"modified":"2025-03-07T08:29:52","modified_gmt":"2025-03-07T08:29:52","slug":"teknik-bilgiler","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/teknik-bilgiler\/","title":{"rendered":"Teknik Bilgiler"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Al\u00fcminyumun Tarih\u00e7esi Eski Yunanl\u0131lar ve Romal\u0131lar, al\u00fcminyumun tuzlar\u0131n\u0131, boyalar\u0131n renklerini sabitle\u015ftirmede ve kan durdurucu olarak kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Malum g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz t\u0131bb\u0131nda hala kan durdurucu ve damar b\u00fcz\u00fcc\u00fc olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>

Friedrich W\u00f6hler'in, al\u00fcminyumu, 1827'de, susuz al\u00fcminyum klor\u00fcr\u00fc potasyum ile kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131ran ilk ki\u015fi oldu\u011fu bilinirse de metal, o tarihten iki sene kadar \u00f6nce, Danimarkal\u0131 bir fizik\u00e7i ve kimyac\u0131 olan Hans Christian \u00d8ersted taraf\u0131ndan saf olmayan bir formda \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla almanaklarda ve kimya literat\u00fcr\u00fcnde \u00d8ersted'in ad\u0131 al\u00fcminyumu bulan ki\u015fi olarak ge\u00e7er . Frans\u0131z Henri Saint-Claire Deville, 1846'da, W\u00f6hler'in metodunu, daha pahal\u0131 olan potasyum yerine sodyum kullanarak geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>

Amerikal\u0131 Charles Martin Hall 1886'da, al\u00fcminyumun elektrolitik bir prosesle eldesine ili\u015fkin bir patent ba\u015fvurusunda bulunmu\u015f, ayn\u0131 y\u0131l, Hall'un bu bulu\u015fundan tamamen habersiz olmak \u00fczere Frans\u0131z Paul H\u00e9roult da ayn\u0131 tekni\u011fi Avrupa'da geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. Bu nedenle iki bilim adam\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131 verilen Hall-Heroult prosesi, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde al\u00fcminyumun cevherinden eldesinde b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnyada kullan\u0131lan temel y\u00f6ntemdir.<\/p>

Yerkabu\u011funda bol miktarda (%7,5 - 8,1) bulunmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen serbest halde \u00e7ok nadir bulunur ve bu nedenle bir zamanlar alt\u0131ndan bile daha k\u0131ymetli g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Al\u00fcminyumun ticari olarak \u00fcretiminin tarihi 100 y\u0131ldan biraz fazlad\u0131r.<\/p>

Al\u00fcminyum ilk ke\u015ffedildi\u011fi y\u0131llarda cevherinden ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00e7ok zor olan bir metal idi. Al\u00fcminyum rafine edilmesi en zor metallerden biridir. Bunun nedeni, \u00e7ok h\u0131zl\u0131 oksitlenmesi, olu\u015fan bu oksit tabakas\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok kararl\u0131 olu\u015fu ve demirdeki pas\u0131n aksine y\u00fczeyden s\u0131yr\u0131lmay\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p><\/div>

Element<\/b><\/td>Kimyasal Sembol<\/b><\/td>% Do\u011fada Bulunabilirlik<\/b><\/td><\/tr>
Oksijen<\/td>O<\/td>47.3<\/td><\/tr>
Silis<\/td>Si<\/td>27.7<\/td><\/tr>
Al\u00fcminyum<\/td>Al<\/td>7.9<\/td><\/tr>
Demir<\/td>Fe<\/td>4.5<\/td><\/tr>
Kalsiyum<\/td>Ca<\/td>3.5<\/td><\/tr>
Sodyum<\/td>Na<\/td>2.5<\/td><\/tr>
Potasyum<\/td>K<\/td>2.5<\/td><\/tr>
Magnezyum<\/td>Mg<\/td>2.2<\/td><\/tr>
Titanyum<\/td>Ti<\/td>0.5<\/td><\/tr>
Hidrojen<\/td>H<\/td>0.1<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>

Al\u00fcminyum, kimyasal aktivitesinin y\u00fcksek olmas\u0131 nedeniyle saf halde bulunmaz. Bu nedenle eldesi al\u00fcminyum silikat,demir oksit ve al\u00fcminyum silikat, demir oksit ve al\u00fcminyum oksitten olu\u015fan boksit (bauxite) cevherinden yap\u0131l\u0131r. Bundan dolay\u0131, metalik al\u00fcminyum hakk\u0131nda orta\u00e7a\u011f solar\u0131na kadar hi\u00e7bir\u015fey bilinmiyordu. Asl\u0131nda yukar\u0131daki tabloda g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, yerkabu\u011funun % 7.9\u2019u al\u00fcminyumdur ve kabuk i\u00e7inde yakla\u015f\u0131k 250 farkl\u0131 al\u00fcminyum minerali vard\u0131r. Bu minerallerin en \u00f6nemli gruplar\u0131 silikatlar ve oksit hidratlard\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde al\u00fcminyum \u00fcretiminin en \u00f6nemli bile\u015fi\u011fi olan boksit bir al\u00fcminyumhidratt\u0131r. Kriyolit ise do\u011fal olarak olu\u015fmu\u015f, al\u00fcminyum halojen bile\u015fikler grubuna dahil bir mineraldir.<\/p><\/div>\t\t<\/div>\r\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t

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Al\u00fcminyumun Tarih\u00e7esi Eski Yunanl\u0131lar ve Romal\u0131lar, al\u00fcminyumun tuzlar\u0131n\u0131, boyalar\u0131n renklerini sabitle\u015ftirmede ve kan durdurucu olarak kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Malum g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz t\u0131bb\u0131nda hala…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-20013","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20013","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20013"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20013\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20022,"href":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20013\/revisions\/20022"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.arialuminyum.com.tr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20013"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}